12.81 Exercises

The following notes should help you in understanding the Practice Sentences provided by Croy. You might also find it very helpful to look at a Segmented Version of the sentences. In fact, to encourage you to make use of the Segmented Version, the audio for these sentences has been prepared using the segmented text.

1. ἐθαυμάζομεν ἐν τοῖς ἔργοις τοῦ διδασκάλου ἡμῶν, καὶ ὑμεῖς δὲ θαυμάσεσθε ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ.

Note the future tense verb, θαυμάσεσθε. There is also an imperfect past verb, ἐθαυμάζομεν (with past tense augment). The word καὶ is being used adverbially here ("even you..."). The nominative pronoun is usually not used in Greek because the verb already tells you the subject (θαυμάσεσθεis second person plural), but the ὑμεῖς is used here for emphasis. Don't forget that θαυμάσεσθε is a deponent future (with an active meaning, even though the form is middle). Notice how the postpositive δὲ comes in the second position in its phrase (καὶ ὑμεῖς is treated as a single word-group) , and is used to join these two separate statements together.

2. τότε μὲν οὐκ ἐγινώσκομεν τὰς ὁδοὺς τῆς εἰρήνης, νῦν δὲ ἐλεύσεται ὁ προφήτης καὶ ἀνοίξει τὴν καρδίαν ἡμῶν.

Note the future tense verbs, ἐλεύσεται and ἀνοίξει. Don't forget that ἐλεύσεται is a deponent future (with an active meaning, even though the form is middle). There is also an imperfect past verb, ἐγινώσκομεν (with past tense augment).The subject προφήτης comes after its verb ἐλεύσεται. Notice how μὲν and δὲ are used to balance the two statements about τότε (then) and νῦν (now).

3. προσεύχονται τὰ τέκνα ὑπὲρ τὴς ἀδελφῆς αὐτῶν, ἀλλ' οὐ πιστεύουσιν εἰς τὸν κύριον καὶ θεοὶ τοῦ λίθου οὐκ ἀποκρίνονται.

Don't forget that προσεύχονται and ἀποκρίνονται are deponent verbs (with an active meaning, even though the forms are middle). The subject τέκνα comes after its verb προσεύχονται.

4. εἰ δοξάζετε τὸ ἔργον ἁμαρτωλῶν, οὑ λήμψεσθε τὸ δῶρον ζωῆς ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ταῖς ἐσχάταις.

Note the future tense verb, λήμψεσθε. Don't forget that λήμψεσθε is a deponent future (with an active meaning, even though the form is middle). Note the braided phrase, ταῖς ἡμέραις ταῖς ἐσχάταις.

5. ὁ διδάσκαλος λέγει τῷ πονηρῷ ὄχλῳ, Κηρύσσω ὑμῖν τὸν λόγον τῆς ἀληθείας ἀλλὰ οὐ λήμψεσθε αὐτόν.

Note the future tense verb, λήμψεσθε. Don't forget that λήμψεσθε is a deponent future (with an active meaning, even though the form is middle). Note the wrapped phrase τῷ πονηρῷ ὄχλῳ.

6. τὰς ἁμαρτίας μου οὐκ ἐδυνάμην φέρειν, ὁ δὲ κύριος οἴσει αὐτὰς ὑπὲρ ἐμοῦ.

Note the future tense verb, οἴσει. There is also an imperfect past verb, ἐδυνάμην (with past tense augment). Don't forget that ἐδυνάμην is a deponent verb (with an active meaning, even though the form is middle). The verb ἐδυνάμην takes a complementary infinitive, φέρειν. Notice how the postpositive δὲ comes in the second position in its phrase (breaking up the phrase ὁ κύριος), and is used to join these two separate statements together.

7. ἰδοὺ ἡ ὥρα τοῦ θανάτου ἐλεύσεται καὶ αἱ κακαὶ ἐξουσίαι τούτου τοῦ κόσμου γνώσονται ὅτι θεός ἐστιν ὁ κύριος.

Note the future tense verbs, ἐλεύσεται and γνώσονται. Don't forget that ἐλεύσεται and γνώσονται are deponent futures (with an active meaning, even though the forms are middle). Note the demonstrative phrase τούτου τοῦ κόσμου.

8. οἱ δοῦλοι αὐτοὶ γενήσονται μαθηταὶ τοῦ ἀποστόλου καὶ διδάξουσιν ἄλλους.

Note the future tense verbs, γενήσονται and διδάξουσιν. Don't forget that γενήσονται is a deponent verb (with an active meaning, even though the form is middle). Note also the αὐτοὶ in the phrase οἱ δοῦλοι αὐτοὶ. Is this the "intensive" or the "identical" use of αὐτοὶ?

9. ἀνοίξω τὸ ἱερὸν τῷ λαῷ καὶ τότε ἀκούσουσι καὶ γνώσονται τὸν νόμον τοῦ οὐρανοῦ.

Note the future tense verbs, ἀνοίξω, ἀκούσουσι and γνώσονται. Don't forget that γνώσονται is a deponent future (with an active meaning, even though the form is middle).

10. τὰ τέκνα θεοῦ ἔσονται φωνὴ ἀληθείας ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ, διδάξουσιν οὖν ἡμᾶς προσεύχεσθαι.

Note the future tense verbs, ἔσονται and διδάξουσιν. Don't forget that ἔπροσεύχεσθαι is a deponent verb, and ἔσονται is a deponent future (with an active meaning, even though the forms are middle). The verb διδάξουσιν takes a complementary infinitive, προσεύχεσθαι. Notice how the postpositive οὖν comes in the second position in its phrase, and is used to join these two separate statements together.

11. εἰ θεὸς νῦν δοξάζεται ὑπὸ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ μου, καὶ ἐγὼ γενήσομαι ἄγγελος καὶ ἄξω τὸν υἱόν μου πρὸς δόξαν.

The verb δοξάζεται is passive, with the agent expressed by the prepositional phrase starting with ὑπὸ. Note the future tense verbs, γενήσομαι and ἄξω. Don't forget that γενήσομαι is a deponent verb (with an active meaning, even though the form is middle). The word καὶ is being used adverbially in the phrase καὶ ἐγὼ ("I also ..."). The nominative pronoun is usually not used in Greek because the verb already tells you the subject (γενήσομαι first person singular), but the ἐγὼ is used here for emphasis.

12. εἰ κηρύσσεται ὅτι δαιμόνια ἄρξεται κρίνειν τὸν κόσμον, οὐ πιστεύσομεν τοῦτο οὐδὲ κηρύξομεν ἄλλοις.

The verb κηρύσσεται is passive. Note the future tense verbs, ἄρξεται, πιστεύσομεν and κηρύξομεν. Don't forget that ἄρξεται is has a special meaning in the middle form, "begin." The verb ἄρξεται takes a complementary infinitive, κρίνειν.

13. ἡμεῖς μὲν ἐσόμεθα ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ καὶ φαγόμεθα τὸν ἄρτον τῆς γῆς, ὑμεῖς δὲ ἔσεσθε ἐν τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ καὶ φάγεσθε τὸν ἄρτον τοῦ οὐρανοῦ.

The nominative pronoun is usually not used in Greek because the verb already tells you the subject, but the ἡμεῖς and ὑμεῖς ares used here for emphasis. Note the future tense verbs, ἐσόμεθα, φαγόμεθα, ἔσεσθε and φάγεσθε. Don't forget that these are future deponents (with an active meaning, even though the forms are middle). Notice how μὲν and δὲ are used to balance the two statements about ἡμεῖς (we) and ὑμεῖς (you).

14. ὁ υἱός μου οὔτε πέμψει ἀγγέλους οὔτε γράψει μοι ἀπ' ἄλλης γῆς.

Note the future tense verbs, πέμψει and γράψει. Notice the use of the correlative οὔτε... οὔτε... .