15.106 Exercises

The following notes should help you in understanding the Practice Sentences provided by Croy. You might also find it very helpful to look at a Segmented Version of the sentences.

1. ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ἐκείναις ἦν ὁ υἱὸς αὐτῆς μικρός, νῦν δὲ γέγονεν ἄνθρωπος καὶ ἔχει αὐτὸς υἱόν.

The verb γέγονεν is perfect tense, third person singular, for the verb γίνομαι. Note the demonstrative phrase ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ἐκείναις. What use of αὐτῆς is this: intensive? or identical? or is it just a pronoun? What about αὐτὸς? Notice how the postpositive particle δὲ comes in second position and connects these two statements. Note that μικρός is a predicate nominative (subject is υἱὸς), and ἄνθρωπος is a predicate nominative ("he" is the subject).

2. ἀκηκόατε τοῦ προφήτου; ὁ λαὸς λέγει ὅτι ἐλήλυθεν ἀπὸ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ αὐτοῦ.

The verb ἀκηκόατε is perfect tense, second person plural, from the verb ἀκούω. The verb ἐλήλυθεν is perfect tense, third person singular, for the verb ἔρχομαι. What use of αὐτοῦ is this: intensive? or identical? or is it just a pronoun?

3. πολλάκις ἔπεσον ἐν τῶ οἴκῳ μου, νῦν δὲ πέπτωκα καὶ οὐ δύναμαι ἐγείρεσθαι.

The verb πέπτωκα is perfect tense, first person singular, for the verb πίπτω. The verb δύναμαι (deponent: middle form, with active meaning) takes a complementary infinitive - the present infinitive, ἐγείρεσθαι. Notice how the postpositive particle δὲ comes in second position and connects these two statements.

4. αἱ ἐξουσίαι εἴρηκαν καὶ οἱ δοῦλοι ἀπολέλυνται, αὐτοὶ γὰρ οὐκ ἔλαβον τὰ ἱμάτια οὐδὲ τὸν οἶνον.

The verb εἴρηκαν is perfect tense, third person plural, for the verb λέγω. The verb ἀπολέλυνται is perfect tense, passive, third person plural, for the verb λύω. What use of αὐτοὶ is this: intensive? or identical? or is it just a pronoun? Notice how the postpositive particle γὰρ comes in second position and connects these two statements. Both ἱμάτια and οἶνον are objects of ἔλαβον.

5. πονηροὶ ἄνθρωποι λέλυκαν τὸ ἱερόν, καὶ νῦν ὀφείλομεν συναγαγεῖν καλοὺς λίθους καὶ ἑτοιμάσαι ἕτερον οἶκον τῷ θεῷ ἡμῶν.

The verb λέλυκαν is perfect tense, third person plural, for the verb λύω. The verb ὀφείλομεν takes a complementary infinitive - the aorist infinitives, συναγαγεῖν and ἑτοιμάσαι.

6. εἰ οὔπω ἐγνώκατε τὴν ἀγάπην τοῦ θεοῦ, οὐδὲ ἑωράκατε τὰ σημεῖα τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, οὐ δύνασθε κηρύξαι τοῖς ὄχλοις.

The verb ἐγνώκατε is perfect tense, second person plural, from the verb γινώσκω. The verb ἑωράκατε is perfect tense, second person plural, for the verb βλέπω. The verb δύνασθε (deponent: middle form, with active meaning) takes a complementary infinitive - the aorist infinitive, κηρύξαι.

7. ὁ δοῦλος τῆς ἀδελφῆς ἡμῶν εἴληφεν τὸν ἄρτον. οὐ δυνάμεθα ἐσθίειν.

The verb εἴληφεν is perfect tense, third person singular, for the verb λαμβάνω. The verb δυνάμεθα (deponent: middle form, with active meaning) takes a complementary infinitive - the present infinitive, ἐσθίειν.

8. οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ τοῦ ἁμαρτωλοῦ τεθεράπευνται ὑπὸ τοῦ κυρίου, καὶ νῦν πέπεισμαι ὅτι γενήσεται μαθητής.

The verb τεθεράπευνται is perfect tense, passive (agent expressed by ὑπὸ) third person plural, for the verb θεραπεύω. The verb πέπεισμαι is perfect tense, passive, first person singular, for the verb πείθω. Note the future tense γενήσεται (deponent: middle form, with active meaning). Note that μαθητής is a predicate nominative (subject is "he").

9. ὁ διδάσκαλος τῆς δικαιοσύνης ἐγήγερται ἐκ τῶν νεκρῶν; ἡ ὥρα τῆς βασιλείας ἤγγικεν;

The verb ἐγήγερται is perfect tense, third person singular, for the verb ἐγείρω. The verb ἤγγικεν is perfect tense, third person singular, for the verb ἐγγίζω.

10. τέθνηκεν ὁ ἀδελφός σου. προσευξόμεθα ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ, ἡ γὰρ ψυχὴ αὐτοῦ ἐξελήλυθεν ἀπὸ τούτου τοῦ κόσμου;

The verb τέθνηκεν is perfect tense, third person singular, for the verb ἀποθνῄσκω. Note that the subject ἀδελφός comes after its verb τέθνηκεν. The verb ἐξελήλυθεν is perfect tense, third person singular, for the verb ἐξέρχομαι. Note the future tense verb προσευξόμεθα (deponent: middle form, with active meaning). Notice how the postpositive particle γὰρ comes in second position and connects these two statements. Note the demonstrative phrase ἀπὸ τούτου τοῦ κόσμου. The question mark at the end goes with the verb at the beginning of the sentence, προσευξόμεθα: "shall we pray?"

11. ὁ ὄχλος ἐθαύμασεν καὶ εἶπεν, Ἑωράκαμεν τὸν ἄγγελον τοῦ κυρίου καὶ ἀκηκόαμεν τῆς φωνῆς αὐτοῦ.

The verb ἑωράκαμεν is perfect tense, first person plural, for the verb βλέπω. The verb ἀκηκόαμεν is perfect tense, first person plural, from the verb ἀκούω.

12. τέκνον ἤλθεν εἰς τὴν ἐκκλησίαν καὶ ἔκραξεν, Εὕρηκα ἄνθρωπον νεκρὸν ἐν τῇ θαλάσσῃ.

The verb εὕρηκα is perfect tense, first person singular, from the verb εὑρίσκω.

13. ὁ θεὸς αὐτὸς εἴρηκεν, Οὐκ ἀπελεύσομαι ἀπὸ σοῦ, καὶ πεπείσμεθα ὅτι ὁ θεὸς ἡμῶν πιστός.

The verb εἴρηκεν is perfect tense, third person singular, from the verb λέγω. The verb πεπείσμεθα is perfect tense, first person plural, from the verb πείθω. What use of αὐτὸς is this: intensive? or identical? or is it just a pronoun? Note the future tense ἀπελεύσομαι (deponent: middle form, with active meaning). Note that in the statement ὁ θεὸς ἡμῶν πιστός, the form of the verb "to be" has dropped out, and πιστός is a predicate nominative (subject is θεὸς).

14. πολλάκις ἐξηρχόμεθα κατὰ ἑτέρων λαῶν καὶ ἀπεκτείνομεν, νῦν δὲ ἤγγικεν ἡ ἡμέρα τῆς εἰρήνης.

The verb ἤγγικεν is perfect tense, third person singular, from the verb ἐγγίζω. Note the imperfect tense verbs ἐξηρχόμεθα (deponent: middle form, with active meaning) and ἀπεκτείνομεν. Notice how the postpositive particle δὲ comes in second position and connects these two statements (the second statement being a question). Note that the subject ἡμέρα comes after its verb ἤγγικεν.