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Croy Index: Vocabulary - Prosody - Verbs - Nouns - Adjectives - Nominals - Other Topics - Syntax List


22.160 Exercises

The following notes should help you in understanding the Practice Sentences provided by Croy. You might also find it very helpful to look at a Segmented Version of the sentences.


1. ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ πῦρ πεσεῖται ἀπὸ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ καὶ ὁ ἄγγελος τοῦ φωτὸς ἀπαγγελεῖ τὸν λόγον σαρκὶ πάσῃ.

Note the liquid verb form ἀπαγγελεῖ (future), plus the future verb πεσεῖται which is conjugated like a liquid future.

2. γινώσκομεν ὅτι ἀποθανούμεθα, ὅπου δὲ ἐλευσόμεθα; ἡμεῖς γὰρ οὐκ ἐτηρήσαμεν τὰς ἐντολὰς τοῦ θεοῦ.
NOTE: In some later editions of Croy, the sentence here reads slightly differently:
γινώσκομεν ὅτι ἀποθανούμεθα, ἀλλ' οὐ γινώσκομεν ὅπου δὲ ἐλευσόμεθα; ἡμεῖς γὰρ οὐκ ἐτηρήσαμεν τὰς ἐντολὰς τοῦ θεοῦ.

Note the liquid verb form ἀποθανούμεθα (future). The word ὅπου is interrogative, meaning that it begins a question. The pronoun ἡμεῖς is emphatic (the first person plural subject is already clear from the verb ἐτηρήσαμεν). The postpostive particle γὰρ is in second position, joining the two statements.

3. κρινεῖ ὁ θεὸς ἕκαστον ἡμῶν ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ ἐσχάτῃ, ὀφείλομεν οὖν πολλάκις παρακαλεῖν ἀλλήλους.

Note the liquid verb form κρινεῖ (future). The subject θεὸς follows its verb, κρινεῖ. The postpostive particle οὖν is in second position, joining the two statements. Notice the braided noun phrase, τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ ἐσχάτῃ. The verb ὀφείλομεν takes a complementary infinitive, παρακαλεῖν.

4. ὑμεῖς μὲν προσκυνεῖτε δαιμονίοις, ἡμεῖς δὲ προσκυνοῦμεν τῷ θεῷ τῷ ποιήσαντι τὸ ὕδωρ καὶ τὴν γῆν καὶ πάντα ἐν αὐτοῖς.

Note that προσκυνεῖτε and προσκυνοῦμεν are contract verbs (they are not liquid futures). Notice the braided noun phrase, τῷ θεῷ τῷ ποιήσαντι. The pronouns ὑμεῖς and ἡμεῖς are emphatic (the second person plural subject is already clear from the verb προσκυνεῖτε and the first person plural subject is already clear from the verb προσκυνοῦμεν). The postpostive particles μὲν and δὲ are used to balance the two statements. What is the antecedent of the pronoun αὐτοῖς?

5. ὁ σπείρων βαλεῖ τὸ σπέρμα ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν, ἀλλὰ δοκοῦμεν ὅτι ὁ πονηρὸς ἐλεύσεται καὶ ἀρεῖ αὐτό.

Note the liquid verb form βαλεῖ and ἀρεῖ (both future). The participle σπείρων serves as the subject of βαλεῖ ("a sower will cast"). What is the antecedent of the pronoun αὐτό?

6. εὑρήσομεν ἐκεῖνον τὸν ἄνθρωπον καὶ κρινοῦμεν αὐτὸν κατὰ τὸν ἡμέτερον νόμον· αὐτὸς γὰρ ἔλαβε τὰ σὰ βιβλία καὶ ἔφυγεν.

Note the liquid verb form κρινοῦμεν (future). What is the antecedent of the pronoun αὐτὸν? What about αὐτὸς? The postpostive particle γὰρ is in second position, joining the two statements.

7. ἐρεῖτε τοὺς ἐμοὺς λόγους τοὶς ὄχλοις καὶ ἀποστελεῖτε τοὺς ὑμετέρους δούλους συναγαγεῖν τὰ τέκνα εἰς τὸ ἱερόν.

Note the liquid verb forms ἐρεῖτε and ἀποστελεῖτε (future). The infinitive συναγαγεῖν is used to express purpose here.

8. μενοῦμεν ἐν τῇ ἀληθείᾳ, ὁ θεὸς γὰρ ἀπέστειλεν τὸν ἅγιον προφήτην αὐτοῦ ἀπαγγέλλοντα ταῦτα.

Note the liquid verb form μενοῦμεν (future). What is the antecedent of the pronoun αὐτοῦ? The postpostive particle γὰρ is in second position, joining the two statements. Note that the participle ἀπαγγέλλοντα modifies the noun, προφήτην.

9. τὸ ἔργον ἑκάστου κριθήσεται ἐν πυρί, καὶ ὁ κύριος αὐτὸς ἐγερεῖ ἡμᾶς ζῆν ἐν τῷ φωτὶ μετ' ἀλλήλων.

Note the liquid verb form ἐγερεῖ (future). The verb κριθήσεται is a future passive. Note the emphatic use of αὐτὸς ("the Lord himself"). The infinitive ζῆν is used to express purpose here.

10. βαλεῖτε τὸν ὑμέτερον ἄρτον ἐπὶ τὸ ὕδωρ καὶ προσκυνήσετε τῷ υἱῷ τῆς δικαιοσύνης ἐν τούτῳ τῷ τόπῳ.

Note the liquid verb form βαλεῖτε (future). Notice the demonstrative phrase, τούτῳ τῷ τόπῳ.

11. οἱ ἁμαρτωλοὶ ἐκεῖνοι δοκοῦσιν ὅτι τηροῦντες τὰς ἀνθρώπων ἐντολὰς εὑρήσουσι χάριν μετὰ θεοῦ.

Notice that the participle τηροῦντες agrees with the unexpressed subject of the verb εὑρήσουσι (and the actual subject is expressed in the first statement in the sentence: ἁμαρτωλοὶ). The accusative ἐντολὰς is the object of the participle.

12. ἐν τῷ σῷ ὀνόματι, κύριε, ἐσπείραμεν σπέρματα τὴς εἰρήνης, ἀλλὰ μενεῖ τὸ ἔργον τὸ ἡμέτερον;

Note the liquid verb form μενεῖ (future). The subject ἔργον follows its verb, μενεῖ. Notice the braided phrase, τὸ ἔργον τὸ ἡμέτερον.

13. ὁ κύριος ἀπέστειλεν τὴν ἐμὴν ἀδελφὴν ὅπου οὐκ ἔθελεν ἐλθεῖν, ἀλλ' ἔμεινεν ἐκεῖ καὶ ἀπήγγειλεν τὸ πᾶν θέλημα τοὺ θεοῦ.

The verb ἔθελεν takes a complementary infinitive, ἐλθεῖν.

14. οἱ δοκοῦντες ἔχειν τὸ πῦρ τοῦ πνεύματος ἦραν χεῖρας καὶ προσηύξαντο τῷ θεῷ.

The participle δοκοῦντες takes a complementary infinitive, ἔχειν ("those who seem to have..."). This participle is being used substantively, as the subject of the verbs ἦραν and προσηύξαντο.


Biblical Greek Online. Laura Gibbs, Ph.D. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons License. You must give the original author credit. You may not use this work for commercial purposes. If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under a license identical to this one. Page last updated: April 9, 2005 8:06 PM


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