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19.131 First Aorist Middle Participles

Make sure you read Croy section 131 on the aorist middle participle (Croy also includes some observations in this section about the aorist active participle as well).

The aorist middle participle is easy to work with, since all the forms are first declension (feminine) or second declension (masculine).

As you would expect, the aorist middle and aorist passive participles have distinct forms. You will learn the aorist passive participles in the next lesson. In the present system, the middle and passive forms look identical, but in the aorist system, the middle and passive forms are distinctly different from one another.

Obviously, you will most often see the aorist middle participle used with deponent verbs which do not have active forms. As with the active participles, the translation of the present middle participle and the translation of the aorist middle participle is identical in English, because in English we have no way to express the difference between present aspect and aorist aspect:

ἑργαζόμενος (present middle participle) - "working"

ἐργασάμενος (aorist middle participle) - "working"

Croy provides you with the paradigm of the middle of λύω, but since you are far more likely to see the middle participle form of a deponent verb, I have provided you with the paradigm for the aorist middle participle of ἐργάζομαι:

Singular
Fem.
Masc.
Neuter
Nom. -αμέν-η ἐργασαμένη
-άμεν-ος ἐργασάμενος ἐργασάμενον -άμεν-ον
Gen. -αμέν-ης ἐργασαμένης -αμέν-ου
ἐργασαμένου
-αμέν-ου
Dat. -αμέν-ῃ
ἐργασαμένῃ -αμέν-ῳ
ἐργασαμένῳ
-αμέν-ῳ
Acc. -αμέν-ην ἐργασαμένην -άμεν-ον ἐργασάμενον ἐργασάμενον = nom.
Plural
Nom. -άμεν-αι ἐργασάμεναι -άμεν-οι ἐργασάμενοι ἐργασάμενα -άμεν-α
Gen. -αμέν-ων ἐργασαμένων -αμέν-ων
ἐργασαμένων
-αμέν-ων
Dat. -αμέν-αις ἐργασαμέναις -αμέν-οις
ἐργασαμένοις
-αμέν-οις
Acc. -αμέν-ας ἐργασαμένας -αμέν-ους ἐργασαμένους ἐργασάμενα = nom.

Notice that for the middle participles, the feminine genitive plural is more like an adjecctive than a noun. There is nothing unusual about the accentuation of the genitive plural form (which in nouns has the unusual accentuation of a circumflex over the final omega, as you saw in the aorist active participle form).

Chart of First Aorist Middle Participle Forms

As with the aorist active participle, the aorist middle participle is formed from the aorist past tense verb without the augment. In the previous section you had a chart to help you form the aorist active participles from the aorist past tense verb forms. Below you will find a chart that lists the aorist middle participle forms for the deponent verbs that were not includedin that other chart because they do not have any active verb or active participle forms.

Present Aorist Past Tense Aorist Middle Part.
χαρίζομαι ἐχαρισάμην χαρισάμενος
λογίζομαι ἐλογισάμην λογισάμενος
ἀσπάζομαι ἠσπασάμην ἀσπασάμενος
ἐργάζομαι ἠργασάμην ἐργασάμενος
ἄρχομαι ἠρξάμην ἀρξάμενος
δέχομαι ἐδεξάμην δεξάμενος

 


Biblical Greek Online. Laura Gibbs, Ph.D. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons License. You must give the original author credit. You may not use this work for commercial purposes. If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under a license identical to this one. Page last updated: April 9, 2005 8:06 PM


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