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The following notes should help you in understanding the Practice Sentences provided by Croy. You might also find it very helpful to look at a Segmented Version of the sentences.
1. ἐκ τοῦ στόματος τοῦ διδασκάλου ἡμῶν ἐξέρχονται ταῦτα τὰ ῥήματα τῆς ζωῆς.
The word στόματος is a third declension noun; you can use the definite article τοῦ to help you with identifying the gender, case, and number. The word ῥήματα is also third declension, and you can use τὰ to help identify it. Note the demonstrative phrase ταῦτα τὰ ῥήματα. Note that the subject ῥήματα follows its verb, ἐξέρχονται.
2. οὐ γινώσκομεν τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ ἀνδρὸς ἐκείνου, ἡ δὲ γυνὴ αὐτοῦ μέλλει λέγειν ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ τοῖς ἄρχουσιν.
The word ὄνομα is a third declension noun; you can use the definite article τὸ to help you with identifying the gender, case, and number. Likewise with τοῦ ἀνδρὸς, ἡ γυνὴ, and τοῖς ἄρχουσιν. Note the demonstrative phrase τοῦ ἀνδρὸς ἐκείνου. The verb μέλλει takes a complementary infinitive, λέγειν.
3. ἕως τὸ πνεῦμα ἔρχεται ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ, δεῖ κηρύσσειν τὸ θέλημα τοῦ θεοῦ ἐν τούτῳ τῷ πονηρῷ αἰῶνι.
The word πνεῦμα is a third declension noun; you can use the definite article τὸ to help you with identifying the gender, case, and number. Likewise with τὸ θέλημα and τῷ αἰῶνι. Note the demonstrative phrase τούτῳ τῷ πονηρῷ αἰῶνι. The verb δεῖ takes a complementary infinitive, κηρύσσειν.
4. ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ νυκτὶ γνώσεσθε ὅτι σὰρξ καὶ αἷμα οὐ δύναται σῶσαι ἄνθροπον ἀφ' ἁμαρτίας.
The word νυκτὶ is a third declension noun; you can use the definite article τῇ to help you with identifying the gender, case, and number. The words σὰρξ and αἷμα are also third declension. Note the demonstrative phrase ἐκείνῃ τῇ νυκτὶ. Note the future deponent γνώσεσθε (middle ending, active meaning). The verb δύναται is also deponent (middle ending, active meaning), and it takes a complementary infinitive: σῶσαι. The preposition ἀπὸ becomes ἀφ' before the aspirated vowel in ἁμαρτίας .
5. τὰ ἔργα τῆς σαρκὸς οὐ δοξασθήσεται οὐδὲ ῥήματα δαιμονίου ἀκουσθήσεται ἐν τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ.
The word σαρκὸς is a third declension noun; you can use the definite article τῆς to help you with identifying the gender, case, and number. The word ῥήματα is also third declension. Note the future passives δοξασθήσεται and ἀκουσθήσεται.
6. ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι τοῦ ἀνδρὸς τῆς εἰρήνης ἐθέλομεν ἐγείρειν λίθον παρὰ τὴν ὁδόν.
The word ὀνόματι is a third declension noun; you can use the definite article τῷ to help you with identifying the gender, case, and number. Likewise with τοῦ ἀνδρὸς. The verb ἐθέλομεν takes a complementary infinitive, ἐγείρειν.
7. ὁ πιστὸς ἄρχων τῆς γῆς ἐκείνης μέλλει ἀποθνῄσκειν καὶ οὐκ ἔχει σπέρμα. ἀχθήσεται ὁ λαὸς τῷ πνεύματι;
The word ἄρχων is a third declension noun; you can use the adjective πιστὸς to help you with identifying the gender, case, and number, since the adjective agrees with the noun. The word σπέρμα is also third declension, and so is πνεύματι (and for this word you can get help from the definite article τῷ in identifying the gender, number and case of the noun). Note the future passive ἀχθήσεται. The verb μέλλει takes a complementary infinitive, ἀποθνῄσκειν. Note that the subject λαὸς follows its verb, ἀχθήσεται.
8. νὺξ οὐκ ἔσται ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ δόξης καὶ συναχθησόμεθα περὶ τὸν θρόνον τοῦ θεοῦ εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων.
The word αἰῶνας is a third declension noun; you can use the definite article τοὺς to help you with identifying the gender, case, and number. Likewise with τῶν αἰώνων. The word νὺξ is also third declension. Note the future passive συναχθησόμεθα.
9. ἔπεσεν ὁ δοῦλος ἐκ τοῦ πλοίου εἰς τὸ στόμα τῆς θαλάσσης καὶ οὐ πάλιν ὤφθη τὸ σῶμα αὐτοῦ.
The word στόμα is a third declension noun; you can use the definite article τὸ to help you with identifying the gender, case, and number. Likewise with τὸ σῶμα. Note the aorist passive ὤφθη. Note that the subject δοῦλος follows its verb, ἔπεσεν. The subject σῶμα also comes after its verb, ὤφθη.
10. τὸ αἷμα τοῦ δικαίου προφήτου ἔσται σπέρμα, καὶ ἡ βασιλεία τῆς δικαιοσύνης ὀφθήσεται.
The word αἷμα is a third declension noun; you can use the definite article τὸ to help you with identifying the gender, case, and number. The word σπέρμα is also third declension. Note the future passive ὀφθήσεται.
11. ἀπεκρίθησαν αἱ γυναῖκες, Τὰ σώματα ἡμῶν ἤγγισαν ἕως θανάτου, ἀλλὰ ἦν τὸ θέλημα τοῦ κυρίου θεραπεῦσαι ἡμᾶς.
Note the aorist passive ἀπεκρίθησαν used for a deponent verb (normally middle form with active meaning, although here the aorist passive is used). The word γυναῖκες is a third declension noun; you can use the definite article αἱ to help you with identifying the gender, case, and number. Likewise with τὰ σώματα and τὸ θέλημα. The infinitive θεραπεῦσαι is being used as a predicate with the subject θέλημα ("it was the Lord's will to ____"). Note that the subject γυναῖκες follows its verb, ἀπεκρίθησαν, and the subject θέλημα comes after its verb, ἦν.
12. οὐκ ἐπιστεύσαμεν τοῖς ῥήμασι τοῦ ἀγγέλου, ἡ γὰρ ἀλήθεια οὐκ ἦν ἐν τῷ στόματι αὐτοῦ ἀλλὰ οἶνος.
The word ῥήμασι is a third declension noun; you can use the definite article τοῖς to help you with identifying the gender, case, and number. Likewise with τῷ στόματι. Remember that the verb ἐπιστεύσαμεν can take the dative (while we say in English "believe in ____").
13. αἷμα εὑρέθη ἐν τῷ στόματι τοῦ ἀνδρός, εἶπεν δὲ ἡ γυνὴ αὐτοῦ τοῖς ἄρχουσιν ὅτι αὐτὸς ἀπέθανεν ἐν τῇ νυκτὶ καὶ αὐτὴ οὐκ ἦν ἐκεῖ.
The word στόματι is a third declension noun; you can use the definite article τῷ to help you with identifying the gender, case, and number. Likewise with τοῦ ἀνδρός, ἡ γυνὴ, τοῖς ἄρχουσιν and τῇ νυκτὶ. The word αἷμα is also third declension. Note the aorist passive εὑρέθη. Note that the subject γυνὴ follows its verb, εἶπεν.
14. ἑωράκαμεν τὸ σημεῖον τοῦ πνεύματος καὶ ἐγνώκαμεν τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ ἁγίου τοῦ θεοῦ.
The word πνεύματος is a third declension noun; you can use the definite article τοῦ to help you with identifying the gender, case, and number. Likewise with τὸ ὄνομα. The verb ἑωράκαμεν is perfect tense, first person plural, for the verb βλέπω. The verb ἐγνώκαμεν is perfect tense, first person plural, from the verb γινώσκω.
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Biblical Greek Online. Laura Gibbs, Ph.D. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons License. You must give the original author credit. You may not use this work for commercial purposes. If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under a license identical to this one. Page last updated: April 9, 2005 8:06 PM |
