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Croy Index: Vocabulary - Prosody - Verbs - Nouns - Adjectives - Nominals - Other Topics - Syntax List


The Greek Verb

The following is a chart showing the forms of the Greek verb. Principal parts are marked in yellow. Structural features to observe:

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PRESENT SYSTEM
AORIST SYSTEM
PERFECT SYSTEM
(no distinction between middle and passive forms)
NOTE: the aorist has distinct middle and passive forms
(no distinction between middle and passive forms)

PAST TENSE: Verbs in the past tense all take augment. Note that the Pluperfect is rarely found in Biblical Greek and is largely omitted in Croy.

Imperfect Indicative (Past)

Active 10.65
Mid-Pass 11.70

Aorist Indicative (Past)

Active 13.85 and 14.92
Middle 13.86 and 14.93
Passive 16.109

Pluperfect Indicative (Past)

(Croy cites a few forms in 15.104)

NON-PAST TENSE: The non-past tenses are Present, Future and Perfect. The Perfect refers to past action ongoing in the present (this connection to the present makes it "non-past").

Present Indicative

Active 2.11
Mid-Pass 9.55

Future Indicative

Active 12.76
Middle 12.77
Passive 16.111

Perfect Indicative

Active 15.100
Mid-Pass 15.101
SUBJUNCTIVE: Present and aorist are aspects, not tenses! The aorist subjunctive is not a past tense. (That's why it doesn't take augment.)

Present Subjunctive

Active 23.163
Mid-Pass 23.163

Aorist Subjunctive

Active 23.163
Middle 23.163
Passive 23.163
 
IMPERATIVE: Present and aorist are aspects, not tenses! The aorist imperative is not a past tense. (That's why it doesn't take augment.)

Present Imperative

Active 26.183
Mid-Pass 26.183

Aorist Imperative

Active 26.184 and 6.185
Middle 26.184 and 26.185
Passive 26.184
 
       
INFINITIVE: The infinitive is, technically speaking, a noun. It is not a verb.

Present Infinitive

Active 2.12
Mid-Pass 9.57

Aorist Infinitive

Active 13.87 and 14.94
Middle 13.87 and 14.94
Passive 16.112

Perfect Infinitive

Active 15.102
Mid-Pass 15.102
PARTICIPLE: The participle is, technically speaking, an adjective. It is not a verb.

Present Participle

Active 18.123
Mid-Pass 18.124

Aorist Participle

Active 19.130 and 9.132
Middle 19.131 and 19.133
Passive 20.138

Perfect Participle

Active 20.139
Mid-Pass 20.140

 


Biblical Greek Online. Laura Gibbs, Ph.D. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons License. You must give the original author credit. You may not use this work for commercial purposes. If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under a license identical to this one. Page last updated: April 9, 2005 8:06 PM


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